Questions about changing the height limits in Tacoma business districts keep coming up, including a discussion on Exit133 in September.
At the moment, the issue concerns the business districts and not their surrounding residential areas. But as Tacoma becomes a denser and more compact city, new residential development may have to be permitted at higher densities (and therefore in higher buildings).
Right now, six of the eight residential zoning districts have a height limit of 35 feet for new structures, allowing a two or three-story building at most. This lower intensity zoning covers the vast majority of the lands used for residential purposes in Tacoma. Additionally, many of the areas with water views are within the View Sensitive Overlay District, which has height limit of only 25 feet.
While considering changes to height limits in commercial and mixed-use areas, is it time for the City to rethink some of its residential development regulations as well? If height limits were increased or even removed completely in residential neighborhoods, would the cityscape of Tacoma change drastically? Would neighborhoods have a higher quality of life because they were bustling with more people or would the density damage the quality of life? Would this affect your desire to live in the city? We’re curious…
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I wish 20+ story buildings would be banned. Well..at least the condos anyway. There is one that is slated to be built near my apt that looks to be at least 25 stories. Talk about blight…
1 | Posted by Tacoma (A)roma | May 23, 02:04 PM
Would neighborhoods have a higher quality of life because they were bustling with more people or would the density damage the quality of life?
Not unless the regulations are updated to ensure certain design/site requirements. Most of the medium density stuff around here is awful.
Truly, when the upper floors of old retail buildings, and existing vacant lots, and unoccupied homes, are starting to become too valuable for obstinate owners to leave fallow, that’s when we need to look at height limits.
Otherwise it is carte blanche for fly by night contractors to build the same crap, just much bigger. It also creates a demolition incentive for buildings that really should be rehabbed.
2 | Posted by tom waits | May 23, 02:06 PM
If height limits were increased or even removed completely in residential neighborhoods, would the cityscape of Tacoma change drastically?
There are certainly areas that could benefit from being developed.
Yet, many areas be in worse shape unless the city changes its building code which basically requires new buildings to be a version of strip malls.
Neighborhood business districts like 6th Avenue, Proctor and Stadium have many building which occupy the entire lot and are built right up to the edge of the sidewalk with few driveways creating attactive “urban villiages” with continual retail frontage.
They were built at a time with no off-street parking requirements which are now required of new contruction.
The city does not require retail on the entire first floor of new construction. Nor does the city require that a storefront run on the entire lot as there is now in these areas.
Raising the height limit would likely cause some of the existing buildings to be ripped down and the new contruction would be forced to be built with surface level parking lots and the entrances and exits of parking garages under every building facing the pedestrians.
The new construction would likely look something like Westgate or 38th Avenue with boxes in the middle of cement parking lots at worst.
At best, the new buildings would something like the Raineer Pacific Building with blank walls, ground level parking lots and parking garages entrances and exits spilling over the curb under every building.
Until Tacoma adopts a modern urban building code for an attractive urban villiage (Like the Congress for New Urbanism has a template for) raising the height limit would cause many of the older business districts to have a much poorer design than they currently have causing them to be little more than car centric destinations.
We would also lose some historic buildings which are not protected. Of course, there is an issue of how high we want the buildings in the residential business districts to be.
Would neighborhoods have a higher quality of life because they were bustling with more people or would the density damage the quality of life?
Turning what few attractive business districts we have into a version of the strip malls on 38th Avenue would not enhance the quality of life in my opinion.
If we’re not willing to start annexing land around us, the only way we’re going to grow is by going up.
Erik B, I think that increasing the building heights would make neighborhoods look much less like strip malls and more like “bustling” centers of activity.
Why couldn’t the buildings around Proctor be another 40 feet tall with lofts and apartments above the Europa Bistro, etc? Ditto 6th, and Stadium. It will help businesses and makes neighborhoods more pedestrian and transit friendly—ie, not strip malls.
I agree that historic buildings need to be preserved much better than Tacoma’s record has been in recent years, but that can be worked with. Single family dwellings surrounding one or two story centers of commerce, however, is not going to help us become a better city. It’ll keep us as a bedroom community to our neighbor to the north rather than a hub of jobs, arts, living, and recreation in our own right.
That all said, I would oppose high density units in areas not designated for them and make sure they go up close to the business districts. And I would also greatly support intermingling low income housing with those luxury condos and apartments as we work on our infill, but those are topics for another thread.
5 | Posted by Erik Hanberg | May 23, 03:17 PM
Not unless the regulations are updated to ensure certain design/site requirements.
I agree.
Why couldn’t the buildings around Proctor be another 40 feet tall with lofts and apartments above the Europa Bistro, etc?
Many of the current buildings in Proctor (and other neighborhoods) occupy the entire lot and have a continual storefront on the main street and were built at a time without a off-street parking requirement. A very attractive urban design which is now forbidden by the City of Tacoma.
The existing buildings would likely be demolished as they likely could not be increased in size economically.
New buildings would have to comply with Tacoma’s suburbanish building code which was enacted years later.
There is no requirement to make the entire frontage retail as exists now in a number of business districts. In a 60 foot building, the off-street parking requirement would cause the first couple of floors to be parking and the entrance and exit to the parking garage would be allowed to cross over Proctor.
The 60 foot buildings would be required to have a parking garage or surface level parking lot which would result in alot of visual blight with blank walls and parking garage exits and entrances greeting pedestrians. The most likely result would be a series of Rainier Pacific type buildings replacing the current ones. I don’t see that as an improvement.
Raising or removing the height restrictions for all homes across the board isn’t the way to meet the growing need for densification.
As it is, a 35’ tall home would loom above the rest of the neighborhood in most of Tacoma, unless it’s adjacent to taller structures. I don’t think a standard house needs to be any taller.
That being said, I am a big believer in adjusting the zoning and height restrictions around the neighborhood business districts, since they are already set up to support more growth.
The business districts could easily be set up as good transit hubs (extend the lightrail?) and could easily grow in height, with more living space and offices above the ground floor shops.
The blocks of residential homes directly surrounding business districts can and should support higher density. This could take the form of taller housing (presumably multi-family?) and accessory dwelling units (ADU’s).
It would be wonderful to have a bit more bustling in my neighborhood and to not always find a parking space right outside my front door (my house is 2-3 blocks away from businesses and only fills up when church is in session).
7 | Posted by Meredith | May 23, 04:25 PM
With a tall building you’d really be able to see into the plains of mordor. How about we build one tall building as see how it goes. Sorta test the waters yo?
8 | Posted by RR Anderson | May 23, 04:40 PM
This post seems to be going in every direction.
So are we talking about increasing the heights in Single Family Residential neighborhoods? That won’t really create more density without rezoning the area to a multifamily zoning. In a R2 zone you can still only build 1 house on a lot no matter if the height limit is 35’ or 65’ or 100’.
Are we talking about increasing the heights in the mixed-use centers?
Or are we talking about expanding the mixed-use center areas?
Just to clarify where I am on this, I am for increasing the maximum height in mixed-used centers only, but Erik B’s points are very good: the parking requirements are prohibitive right now to doing it right.
10 | Posted by Erik Hanberg | May 23, 05:29 PM
I’d be happy to see the units in the building we have already built sold before I’d start thinking about building new and taller buildings. I am kind of intrigued by RR’s idea, though. Maybe if we build one really tall building, taller than any building ever built. And we can call it the Evergreen State Building and it could be green in color and green in environmental foot print. One mighty building that would make all the other buildings everywhere quake in their foundations. Men would cry, women would faint. Children, well, children will still be children.
11 | Posted by Crenshaw Sepulveda | May 23, 05:36 PM
increasing the 25 foot height limit in the VSD?
never happen. if it did, city hall would be overthrown by the citizens.
we might as well rid ourselves of any height limit in the DCC or DR zones. i doubt it is going to increase our chances of getting a mega structure any time soon…
12 | Posted by snoopy | May 23, 07:13 PM
increasing the 25 foot height limit in the VSD?never happen. if it did, city hall would be overthrown by the citizens.
You might be right.
The neighborhood groups and council are certainly moving toward protecting neighborhoods and placing growth in downtown and the mixed use centers where there is more transportation.
How about we build one tall building as see how it goes.
It would be nice to see some large buildings in downtown Tacoma. However, they would have to overcome the Andre Stone impediment.
So now Andre has an impediment named after him?!
As much as I would like, I just don’t see the average resident willing to make the changes necessary to move away from being a bedroom community and towards becoming a sustainable place. Which is too bad, because it will be the average residents who get priced out of the market.
Height limits are one small piece, but increasing the size of the mixed-use zones is another, as is creating high density transit (streetcar) corridors to connect the mixed-use hubs.
And of course, the off-street parking requirement needs to go.
I think higher density will become a necessity in the future as oil dependence becomes more expensive. I see the 13-foot high ranch-style houses in South Tacoma and feel like crying…it doesn’t feel like Tacoma. Of course, higher density means rezoning large swaths of land from R-1 and R-2 to higher intensity residential zoning. I think there is a stigma about the term “multi-family:” low-income housing with junk cars in the yard comes to many people’s minds. I think that if Tacomans come to understand that multi-family housing and density is a good thing, as Seattle has, then they would be more likely to embrace it.
I long for rows and rows of 4- and 5-story buildings someday. It could happen. As others have said, it would mean not only changes the height limits and zoning, but also parking, etc.
Downtown died a miserable death pretty much when the Tacoma Mall was born. Prior to the mall, downtown was the place to be. People liked driving their cars to the mall and parking them easily and for free. Oh those were the days of cheap gasoline and cheap land for parking lots.
I don’t think that you’d get any arguments from the environmentalists in the audience about building communities around public transportation and non-automotive forms of transportation. The question is whether or not Tacoma is willing to think of a future without the automobile. It will not happen overnight, but responsible planning should include a future without so many cars. Build a parking space and it will be used. People will keep driving to the mall and parking at the mall so long as it works for them.
I think about the absurdity of building the new narrows bridge, a solution that contemplates even more cars on the road. Besides the cost of the bridge we also have to deal with all the new cars that will be using that bridge until a third bridge is needed. I believe we should have stopped at one bridge and found ways of making it work with an eye to reducing the number of vehicles crossing the bridge.
In some ways we should be looking to Seattle. A good example is safeco field and the seahawks stadium. Both located in proximity of each other. Parking is horribly expensive or terribly difficult to find. I see quite a few people taking public transit to these venues and leaving their cars at the Dome Station parking structure. Smart, economical. The difficulty of parking makes people change their habits in a positive way. Enough people start taking public transit, besides the historic user base, and the public will demand better public transit.
We need state of the art public transportation. We need public transportation that is more desirable then driving private vehicles. We need to make certain that downtown continues to grow in a positive way and in a way that makes driving and parking less necessary. To be honest, I don’t know what it will take. High gas prices, impossible parking. Surely the parking lot space at the mall must be being eyed by developers for additional retail and residential. Maybe it will take 20 years for our city to make the transition to way fewer cars. Attrition of parking spaces coupled with expensive gas and improved public transit. It will not happen over night.
Downtown, however, should lead the way. The adjacent neighborhoods to downtown need the easiest access to downtown without the use of cars. This would be a good start. I’d support a trolly system, even demand a trolly system that covers downtown, hilltop, stadium and the tacoma dome areas. The money for the bridge should have gone into a trolly system. We have yet to find the politicians that are willing to force people out of their cars.
There is this great mural at the People’s Park on MLK. The mural features a trolly stop and a community around the trolly. Now that is some kind of dream.
16 | Posted by Crenshaw Sepulveda | May 24, 12:11 AM
Im talking about the Jay Heights project. Im not sure whats going on with it, but here is the website:
http://www.priumcompanies.com/page.php?id=102
17 | Posted by Tacoma (A)roma | May 24, 06:37 AM
While considering changes to height limits in commercial and mixed-use areas, is it time for the City to rethink some of its residential development regulations as well?
One issue that has not been considered is number of historic buildings that would be lost by raising the height limit in commercial districts and neighborhoods.
People are going to have different opinions on which ones should be saved. However, we should at least know which buildings will likely be lost.
The trick is to do it without losing your soul. Going further up is a necessity if you want more activity in downtown. What’s particularly important if you want to get people out of their cars is to get as much density as possible in a small enough place that walking and riding a streetcar become more convenient than riding in the car. So if that’s the goal, it’s time to go up. But there’s no reason you can’t also demand higher quality design. In fact, as the return for the development increases, they can afford to incorporate more amenities and design features that make a building people friendly.
My suggestion would be to tie any discussion on larger buildings to a design code. That way the community gets something for its sacrifice. The development community will resist and say it makes things too expensive, but in every community that has demanded higher quality, they’ve found that they can make just as much if not more money.
20 | Posted by Derek (Not that Derek) | May 24, 11:34 AM
new residential development [in residential zones] may have to be permitted at higher densities (and therefore in higher buildings).
Taller buildings are only one way to acheive higher density. There are two ways to acheive higher density. Taller buildings are the side that deals with expanding the space available for activity units. (Puget Sound Regional Council: activity unit = 1 job OR dwelling)
Like raising height limits, other means of expanding the space available is to cover more of the land with uses. Yes, going horizontal. This can be done by going from 7,000sf lots to 5,000sf, 3,000sf or 1,200sf lots. It can be done by allowing for accessory dwelling units to be added to existing single-family residences.
The other way is to reduce the amount of space each activity unit consumes. While a recent article highlighted the growing size of detached homes, building smaller dwellings allows for more. The oft mentioned parking requirements are part of this as well.
Increasing height limits will not add much in the way of density in our residential neighborhoods if the other requirements don’t change and the individual still requires their own front door, garage and yard.
21 | Posted by DavidS | May 24, 11:39 AM
Forgot to mention one thing about density – infrastructure. You can allow all the density you want, if there is no infrastructure to support it nothing will be built. This could be roads, water lines, etc to handle the additional capacity. Much of our infrastructure in our residential areas is not designed to handle substantial additional requirements.
22 | Posted by DavidS | May 24, 11:48 AM
I say go up! Vancouver BC seems to do very well, thank you, and even without large freeways slicing it up.
Tacoma: Reaching New Heights!
23 | Posted by johnschoppert | May 24, 03:27 PM
Another way to think of the question is “Is Stadium helped or hurt by its two large residential towers?” I think such dense concentration of people is a boon to the neighborhood and helps keep the businesses functioning. Should the same be true of Proctor or MLK, assuming other infrastructure and the off-street parking requirement and dealt with.
24 | Posted by Erik Hanberg | May 24, 04:50 PM
The comments seem to have come back around to the height limits in our centers rather than residential neighborhoods. If we want to tinker with our residential neighborhoods, let’s focus on measures to encourage infill rather than tear downs. (There’s a footnote in an article today about small cottages being ‘gone before [they’re] finished.’)
On the centers front, concentrating density in defined pockets makes more sense than allowing an across the board increase. It allows for much more efficient provision of services as well as the protection of defined neighborhoods.
There was a concern mentioned about Proctor becoming Westgate due to the parking requirements if density were increased. While I’m not a fan of the parking requirements, this transition is pushing the comparison. Westgate is less dense than Proctor so increasing the density of commercial structures could have a positive effect on Westgate rather than a negative one on Proctor. (Note that Westgate has nothing over 1-story.) Parcel sizes in Westgate were/are larger allowing for the big boxes. There are only a few parcels, like Safeway, that are large enough to even consider the strip type of redevelopment. That said, these are very different areas serving different purposes that need to be treated differently. The form based codes mentioned above are one potential way to address this.
25 | Posted by DavidS | May 25, 06:37 AM
Up is good, but doesn’t always make sense. I think we can all agree that we need to make smarter use of our urban space though.
Here’s another density solution: cottage housing. These are small homes – about 1,000 square feet – usually arranged around a common courtyard and no parking garages. The result: 4-6 homes in the space that normally would be occupied by 2-3 homes. Think of them as detached condo units. They are usually not cheap, since they are built to a high degree of quality. And they are not for everyone: typical buyers are single females and young couples who don’t mind the communal nature of the developments.
I haven’t seen anything like this in the Tacoma area, but the projects I’ve seen up north are amazing. They are great alternatives to townhomes and condos: The Cottage Company
26 | Posted by morgan | May 25, 02:29 PM
Parcel sizes in Westgate were/are larger allowing for the big boxes. There are only a few parcels, like Safeway, that are large enough to even consider the strip type of redevelopment.
Westgate is little more than a series of strip malls and stand alone boxes in a sea of blacktop. Hard to imagine a design more car centric and repellant to anyone wanting to walk in the area (and few do).
Most of the buildings are single story and when the stores shut down, the area is a dead zone.
It could be a good project for the city and developers to infill to into something more attractive and livable.
Here’s a good example of an mall infill project in Chattanooga, TN.
The only place we should be going up is in the core downtown area…but lets face it, we’re even scared to do that so the chances of anything outside of the core exceeding 4 floors is slim…...
28 | Posted by rich | May 29, 06:59 AM
me:There are only a few parcels, like Safeway, that are large enough to even consider the strip type of redevelopment.
Erik B.:Westgate is little more than a series of strip malls and stand alone boxes in a sea of blacktop.
Sorry, I should have been clearer. (I forgot there was a Safeway in Westgate – shows how often I frequent it.) I was attempting to highlight the Proctor Safeway as one of the few locations in Proctor that would be large enough to handle a strip redevelopment. This is due to the large amount of land needed for this consumptive type of development.
I do not think a strip redevelopment is desirable in Proctor, nor do I think it is at all likely with or without increased density. Westgate is a whole other ball of wax.
29 | Posted by DavidS | May 29, 07:54 AM
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